Out of all EU member states, Luxembourg has the highest share of non-nationals, at 47% of its total population.
Other countries that have comparatively high proportions of foreign citizens (10% or more) are Malta, Cyprus, Austria, Estonia, Latvia, Ireland, Belgium, Germany, and Spain.
In contrast, non-nationals represented less than 1% of the population in Poland and Romania.
On 1 January 2019, 21.8 million citizens of a non-member country lived in one of the 27 EU Member States, representing almost 5% of the EU population.
