For nearly a month, a Croatian company has been rolling out what it says is Europe's first robotaxi service on the streets of Zagreb, with AFP among the first journalists to try it on Tuesday.
Backed by Uber and powered by Chinese self-driving firm Pony.ai, Croatia's Verne has operated 10 automated vehicles for a select number of customers in the city since April 8.
Despite similar services being available in China and the United States for years, multiple companies are still competing to bring autonomous taxi services to European roads.
Verne's service is intended to be fully autonomous, with a human "operator" temporarily behind the wheel during the current phased rollout, in case intervention is needed.
During AFP's ride with the service, which the company says is used by 300 people, the operator -- a Verne employee named Deni Link -- never had to step in.
The mostly smooth ride was only interrupted when an oncoming vehicle veered into the wrong lane, forcing the car to stop suddenly.
"Sorry, we had to brake," a calm woman's voice told AFP and the other passengers.
Despite the often chaotic Croatian traffic and complicated intersections, Verne's head of country operations, Filip Cindric, said most rides are completed "without any intervention".
According to Cindric, who accompanied AFP during the ride, 90 percent of riders gave the service four or five stars, with no reported collisions over tens of thousands of kilometres.
Although the service was first announced in early April, sightings of the vehicles on Zagreb streets have been rare.
For now, the vehicles operate in the city centre, parts of the south, and around the airport, Verne CEO Marko Pejkovic told AFP.
"Expansion is gradual, with each new zone introduced only after detailed validation and once the system is proven reliable in real-world conditions," Pejkovic said in a statement.
According to the company, interest in the automated service, which costs 1.99 euros ($2.32) per ride, has been strong, with around 4,000 people currently on the waiting list.
Pejkovic said the low price was aimed at enticing users and encouraging feedback, with prices expected to rise as the service grows.
Ordered through Verne's app like any rideshare service, the automated vehicles are equipped with multiple cameras, lidar lasers and radars to help navigate the streets.
Verne, founded in 2019, said discussions were under way in 11 cities across the European Union, the United Kingdom, and the Middle East.
In Zagreb, it aims to transition to fully driverless operations by the end of the year, subject to regulatory approvals.
With 30 additional cities now being considered, Cindric said he was proud that Zagreb was the first to make it happen.
"If it were that easy, it would already exist in London or some other major European city," he said.
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