© Domingos Oliveira
Archaeologists are temporarily covering parts of the Gallo-Roman villa site in Schieren to protect its exposed remains from winter weather, ensuring their long-term preservation while excavation and research continue.
Since the 1990s, archaeological excavations have been taking place in phases on this nearly 7-hectare site. The most intensive work occurred between 2013 and 2020, particularly around the main building located directly next to the road. At present, parts of the villa are being reburied, not because research has concluded, but as a preventive measure to shield the exposed ruins from weather damage and deterioration over the winter months.
Johanna Steffestun, an archaeologist at the National Institute for Archaeological Research (INRA) and the site coordinator, explained that re-covering the excavated remains is part of a broader conservation strategy. She noted that exposing large sections of ancient structures makes them vulnerable to shifting weather conditions. Temperature fluctuations, frost, rain, and humidity can all accelerate decay, she said. To protect the site and slow down the erosion process, the team is temporarily reburying the remains, according to Steffestun.
The process is being carried out carefully with the help of specialised workers and support from Luxembourg's National Roads Administration. Steffestun explained that the structures are first wrapped in geotextile fabric, followed by a layer of sand and then a thicker layer of soil. She added that, in particularly fragile areas, the restoration team steps in to stabilise the areas before covering them up.
The villa was first discovered in the 19th century by Baron Frédéric-Georges-Prosper de Blochhausen. It was later "rediscovered" in 1991 during motorway construction works, which led to the first professional excavations. Since then, archaeologists have uncovered a remarkably well-preserved main residence and at least 12 outbuildings.
Steffestun explained that features found on the site, including intricate wall paintings, traces of marble panelling, mosaics, and heated rooms, suggest that the original owner was a wealthy landowner. She noted that the main residence measures over 110 metres along its façade and was built with a level of luxury uncommon for the period.
Given its relatively well-preserved condition and impressive size, comparable to around 15 football pitches, the Gallo-Roman villa in Schieren ranks among the most significant Roman-era villas in Luxembourg, alongside those found in places like Vichten, Diekirch, and Echternach. For now, the main building, which is covered by a large white protective tent, will not be reburied.
