While Luxembourg benefits from a steady water supply, the country faces significant challenges in maintaining water quality, particularly in its rivers, streams, and groundwater reserves.

Following World Water Day, Marc Hans, director of the Water Management Authority, joined RTL Radio on Monday, providing insights into the challenges facing the Grand Duchy's water resources.

Luxembourg’s rivers and streams are in poor shape, with none of the country's 106 designated surface water bodies meeting good status under European standards, explained Hans. Pollution from pesticides, heavy metals, and pharmaceutical residues is a major concern, along with the impact on aquatic life. Assessments of fish populations, diatoms, and shore conditions reveal ongoing environmental degradation.

A key issue is Luxembourg’s geography. Located on the water divide between the Rhine and the Meuse, the country has relatively small water bodies, which struggle more with pollution than larger ones. The high population density and extensive land use – whether for agriculture or urban development – further intensify pressure on water resources.

RTL

Hans Marc, director of the Water Management Administration. / © RTL

Using Moselle river water

Luxembourg has sufficient groundwater in its six main reserves, but contamination remains an issue. Pesticide exposure is particularly problematic, with three of the six groundwater bodies classified as being in poor condition.

Looking ahead, the Water Management Authority is working to secure drinking water resources for 2040 and beyond. It is doing this by expanding protected zones, particularly in agricultural areas, promoting efficient water use, reusing rainwater, treating wastewater, and exploring using water from the Moselle. If successful, Moselle water could be part of Luxembourg’s drinking water supply by 2040.

Prepared for future floods

On flood protection, Marc Hans noted that Luxembourg has learned valuable lessons from the 2021 floods and is now "well prepared" to minimise future damage. Improved forecasting allows authorities to predict water levels with greater accuracy, giving residents time to take precautions.

Coordination between Meteolux, the Water Management Authority, and Fire and Rescue Corps (CGDIS) has also improved, all under the oversight of the High Commission for National Protection.